About these tools
Reading time is estimated at 200 words per minute, which is the average adult silent reading speed. Research shows most adults read between 200 and 250 words per minute for non-technical material. Blog posts typically run 500 to 1,500 words (2 to 7 minutes). Long-form articles and academic papers often exceed 3,000 words. Character frequency shows the 20 most common non-space characters in your text. Nothing you type is sent anywhere. All processing happens locally in your browser.
What each function does
Word count and character count update as you type, giving you real-time feedback without clicking any button. The word counter splits on whitespace and handles multiple spaces and line breaks correctly.
Case converters transform all text at once. UPPERCASE makes every letter capital. lowercase makes every letter small. Title Case capitalizes the first letter of every word, which is useful for headlines and headings. Sentence case capitalizes only the first letter of each sentence, which matches normal writing style.
Trim spaces removes leading and trailing whitespace and collapses multiple internal spaces into single spaces. This is helpful when cleaning up text copied from PDFs or web pages that contain extra spacing.
Reverse text flips the entire text character by character. Useful for creative writing, generating mirror text, or testing text processing code.
Remove duplicate lines keeps only the first occurrence of each line and removes repeats. This is valuable when working with lists, log files, or any structured text with repeated entries.
Character frequency counts how often each non-space character appears and shows the top 20 as a bar chart. This reveals patterns in writing, checks for unusual character distribution, and can help identify encoding issues in copied text.
Frequently asked questions
- How is reading time calculated?
- Reading time is the total word count divided by 200, rounded up to the nearest minute. For texts under 200 words the result is shown as under 1 minute. The 200 words-per-minute rate reflects average adult reading speed for general content.
- Does case conversion affect numbers and punctuation?
- No. Case conversion only affects alphabetical characters. Numbers, punctuation, and special characters remain unchanged.
- Is my text saved anywhere?
- No. Text processing runs entirely in your browser. Nothing is stored, logged, or transmitted. Refreshing the page clears all text from the tool.